01. CİLD ( A ) 0000000000001 0000000000002 0000000000003 0000000000004 0000000000005 0000000000006 0000000000007 0000000000008 0000000000009 0000000000010 0000000000011 0000000000012 0000000000013 0000000000014 0000000000015 0000000000016 0000000000017 0000000000018 0000000000019 0000000000020 0000000000021 0000000000022 0000000000023 0000000000024 0000000000025 0000000000026 0000000000027 0000000000028 0000000000029 0000000000030 0000000000031 0000000000032 0000000000033 0000000000034 0000000000035 0000000000036 0000000000037 0000000000038 0000000000039 0000000000040 0000000000041 0000000000042 0000000000043 0000000000044 0000000000045 0000000000046 0000000000047 0000000000048 0000000000049 0000000000050 0000000000051 0000000000052 0000000000053 0000000000054 0000000000055 0000000000056 0000000000057 0000000000058 0000000000059 0000000000060 0000000000061 0000000000062 0000000000063 0000000000064 0000000000065 0000000000066 0000000000067 0000000000068 0000000000069 0000000000070 0000000000071 0000000000072 0000000000073 0000000000074 0000000000075 0000000000076 0000000000077 0000000000078 0000000000079 0000000000080 0000000000081 0000000000082 0000000000083 0000000000084 0000000000085 0000000000086 0000000000087 0000000000088 0000000000089 0000000000090 0000000000091 0000000000092 0000000000093 0000000000094 0000000000095 0000000000096 0000000000097 0000000000098 0000000000099 0000000000100 0000000000101 0000000000102 0000000000103 0000000000104 0000000000105 0000000000106 0000000000107 0000000000108 0000000000109 0000000000110 0000000000111 0000000000112 0000000000113 0000000000114 0000000000115 0000000000116 0000000000117 0000000000118 0000000000119 0000000000120 0000000000121 0000000000122 0000000000123 0000000000124 0000000000125 0000000000126 0000000000127 0000000000128 0000000000129 0000000000130 0000000000131 0000000000132 0000000000133 0000000000134 0000000000135 0000000000136 0000000000137 0000000000138 0000000000139 0000000000140 0000000000141 0000000000142 0000000000143 0000000000144 0000000000145 0000000000146 0000000000147 0000000000148 0000000000149 0000000000150 0000000000151 0000000000152 0000000000153 0000000000154 0000000000155 0000000000156 0000000000157 0000000000158 0000000000159 0000000000160 0000000000161 0000000000162 0000000000163 0000000000164 0000000000165 0000000000166 0000000000167 0000000000168 0000000000169 0000000000170 0000000000171 0000000000172 0000000000173 0000000000174 0000000000175 0000000000176 0000000000177 0000000000178 0000000000179 0000000000180 0000000000181 0000000000182 0000000000183 0000000000184 0000000000185 0000000000186 0000000000187 0000000000188 0000000000189 0000000000190 0000000000191 0000000000192 0000000000193 0000000000194 0000000000195 0000000000196 0000000000197 0000000000198 0000000000199 0000000000200 0000000000201 0000000000202 0000000000203 0000000000204 0000000000205 0000000000206 0000000000207 0000000000208 0000000000209 0000000000210 0000000000211 0000000000212 0000000000213 0000000000214 0000000000215 0000000000216 0000000000217 0000000000218 0000000000219 0000000000220 0000000000221 0000000000222 0000000000223 0000000000224 0000000000225 0000000000226 0000000000227 0000000000228 0000000000229 0000000000230 0000000000231 0000000000232 0000000000233 0000000000234 0000000000235 0000000000236 0000000000237 0000000000238 0000000000239 0000000000240 0000000000241 0000000000242 0000000000243 0000000000244 0000000000245 0000000000246 0000000000247 0000000000248 0000000000249 0000000000250 0000000000251 0000000000252 0000000000253 0000000000254 0000000000255 0000000000256 0000000000257 0000000000258 0000000000259 0000000000260 0000000000261 0000000000262 0000000000263 0000000000264 0000000000265 0000000000266 0000000000267 0000000000268 0000000000269 0000000000270 0000000000271 0000000000272 0000000000273 0000000000274 0000000000275 0000000000276 0000000000277 0000000000278 0000000000279 0000000000280 0000000000281 0000000000282 0000000000283 0000000000284 0000000000285 0000000000286 0000000000287 0000000000288 0000000000289 0000000000290 0000000000291 0000000000292 0000000000293 0000000000294 0000000000295 0000000000296 0000000000297 0000000000298 0000000000299 0000000000300 0000000000301 0000000000302 0000000000303 0000000000304 0000000000305 0000000000306 0000000000307 0000000000308 0000000000309 0000000000310 0000000000311 0000000000312 0000000000313 0000000000314 0000000000315 0000000000316 0000000000317 0000000000318 0000000000319 0000000000320 0000000000321 0000000000322 0000000000323 0000000000324 0000000000325 0000000000326 0000000000327 0000000000328 0000000000329 0000000000330 0000000000331 0000000000332 0000000000333 0000000000334 0000000000335 0000000000336 0000000000337 0000000000338 0000000000339 0000000000340 0000000000341 0000000000342 0000000000343 0000000000344 0000000000345 0000000000346 0000000000347 0000000000348 0000000000349 0000000000350 0000000000351 0000000000352 0000000000353 0000000000354 0000000000355 0000000000356 0000000000357 0000000000358 0000000000359 0000000000360 0000000000361 0000000000362 0000000000363 0000000000364 0000000000365 0000000000366 0000000000367 0000000000368 0000000000369 0000000000370 0000000000371 0000000000372 0000000000373 0000000000374 0000000000375 0000000000376 0000000000377 0000000000378 0000000000379 0000000000380 0000000000381 0000000000382 0000000000383 0000000000384 0000000000385 0000000000386 0000000000387 0000000000388 0000000000389 0000000000390 0000000000391 0000000000392 0000000000393 0000000000394 0000000000395 0000000000396 0000000000397 0000000000398 0000000000399 0000000000400 0000000000401 0000000000402 0000000000403 0000000000404 0000000000405 0000000000406 0000000000407 0000000000408 0000000000409 0000000000410 0000000000411 0000000000412 0000000000413 0000000000414 0000000000415 0000000000416 0000000000417 0000000000418 0000000000419 0000000000420 0000000000421 0000000000422 0000000000423 0000000000424 0000000000425 0000000000426 0000000000427 0000000000428 0000000000429 0000000000430 0000000000431 0000000000432 0000000000433 0000000000434 0000000000435 0000000000436 0000000000437 0000000000438 0000000000439 0000000000440 0000000000441 0000000000442 0000000000443 0000000000444 0000000000445 0000000000446 0000000000447 0000000000448 0000000000449 0000000000450 0000000000451 0000000000452 0000000000453 0000000000454 0000000000455 0000000000456 0000000000457 0000000000458 0000000000459 0000000000460 0000000000461 0000000000462 0000000000463 0000000000464 0000000000465 0000000000466 0000000000467 0000000000468 0000000000469 0000000000470 0000000000471 0000000000472 0000000000473 0000000000474 0000000000475 0000000000476 0000000000477 0000000000478 0000000000479 0000000000480 0000000000481 0000000000482 0000000000483 0000000000484 0000000000485 0000000000486 0000000000487 0000000000488 0000000000489 0000000000490 0000000000491 0000000000492 0000000000493 0000000000494 0000000000495 0000000000496 0000000000497 0000000000498 0000000000499 0000000000500 0000000000501 0000000000502 0000000000503 0000000000504 0000000000505 0000000000506 0000000000507 0000000000508 0000000000509 0000000000510 0000000000511 0000000000512 0000000000513 0000000000514 0000000000515 0000000000516 0000000000517 0000000000518 0000000000519 0000000000520 0000000000521 0000000000522 0000000000523 0000000000524 0000000000525 0000000000526 0000000000527 0000000000528 0000000000529 0000000000530 0000000000531 0000000000532 0000000000533 0000000000534 0000000000535 0000000000536 0000000000537 0000000000538 0000000000539 0000000000540 0000000000541 0000000000542 0000000000543 0000000000544 0000000000545 0000000000546 0000000000547 0000000000548 0000000000549 0000000000550 0000000000551 0000000000552 0000000000553 0000000000554 0000000000555 0000000000556 0000000000557 0000000000558 0000000000559 0000000000560 0000000000561 0000000000562 0000000000563

( A ) ( B ) ( C ) ( Ç ) ( D ) ( E ) ( F ) ( G ) ( Ğ ) ( H ) ( I ) ( İ ) ( J ) ( K ) ( L ) ( M ) ( N ) ( O ) ( Ö ) ( P ) ( R ) ( S ) ( Ş ) ( T ) ( U ) ( Ü ) ( V ) ( W ) ( Y ) ( Z )

AŞÇIBAŞI

Saraydaki mutfak hizmetleri amiri. Tarihi metinlerde “aş başçı, aş başçısı, aş işçisi, hansalar ve ahçıbaşı” olarak geçer. Selçuklularda aşçıbaşına “emir-i çaşnigir” denirdi. Vazifeleri, matbah yani mutfağın sevk ve idaresi ile yemeklerin pişirilmesine nezaret etmek, hükümdarın sofrasını kurdurup, kapucubaşının kontrolünde yemekleri huzura çıkarmaktı. Yemekleri mutlaka vaktinde, usulünce takdim edilmesinden, yemeklerin temiz ve bilhassa zehirlenmelere karşı emin olmasından kapucubaşı ile beraber mesuldü. Bu vazifeleri “yamak” denilen yardımcı, işçi ve hizmetçiler ile yapardı.

Aşçıbaşı ve hizmetleri hakkında Balasagunlu Yusuf Has Hacib’in Kutadgu Bilig’de kıymetli malumat vardır. Kutadgu Bilig’de bu hususta şunlar yazılıdır:

“Bu işe (aşçıbaşılığa) mükemmel ve temiz ruhlu bir insan lazımdır. İnsanlar arasından doğru, dürüst ve seçkin bir kimse bulunmalı ve yemek içmek işini ona bırakmalıdır. Zira, gönülden bağlı olan bir kimse (sadık) doğru ve dürüst insan, tenini, canını ve başını beyine feda eder. Beyler için her türlü tehlike boğazdan gelir. Bu bakımdan beyler her yerde kendilerini gözetmeli ve fakat yemek içmek işinde ise ihtiyat gözünü bilhassa açmalıdır. Ahalinin başında bulunan kimsenin birçok düşmanı olur. İşte bu bakımdan aşçı güvenilir, doğru ve kamil bir kimse olmazsa yemek işinde beylerin durumu tehlikeye girer. Bu iş için (aşçılık) çok eski ve emektar bir hizmetkar lazımdır ki, acıyı, tatlıyı ve diğer yemeği hem vaktinde hazırlasın hem de beyini korusun. Zira, ihsanı devamlı bir bey, hizmeti uzun ve emeği çok olan kimseye güvenebilir. Aşçıbaşının gözü tok ve gönlü zengin olmalı, temiz olduğu gibi, yüzü ve gözü de ay gibi parlamalıdır. Yine o, takva sahibi, din ve şeriati (İslamiyet) tanır bir kimse olmalıdır ki, böyle insanlardan doğruluk gelir. Aşçı temiz olursa temiz yemek verir ve bunlar da seve seve yenilir. Açgözlü kimse ise yemeğe hasis davranır ve onu berbat eder. Yemek temiz olmazsa insanın boğazında kalır. Temiz olmayan kimseyi yemekten uzak tutmalıdır. Aşçının yüzü ve kıyafeti güzel, tavrı iyi, saçı sakalı da düzgün ve tıraşlı, yakışıklı ve özü sözü bir olmalıdır. Eğer aşçıbaşı, dürüst biri olmazsa onun yamakları (yardımcıları) da dürüst olmaz. Aşçıbaşı akıllı ve bilgili olmalı, yemek vakti gelince elini çabuk tutmalı; usul ve erkanı dairesinde hizmeti ile girip çıkarken daima önüne bakmalıdır. İşte aşçıbaşı böyle bir kimse olursa, sofra ve kapları iyi idare eder. Beyi de ondan şüphe etmeden yemeğini yiyebilir.”