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( A ) ( B ) ( C ) ( Ç ) ( D ) ( E ) ( F ) ( G ) ( Ğ ) ( H ) ( I ) ( İ ) ( J ) ( K ) ( L ) ( M ) ( N ) ( O ) ( Ö ) ( P ) ( R ) ( S ) ( Ş ) ( T ) ( U ) ( Ü ) ( V ) ( W ) ( Y ) ( Z )

ALİAĞA RAFİNERİSİ VE PETROKİMYA KOMPLEKSİ

İzmir’in Aliağa ilçesinde kurulmuş olan Türkiye’nin en büyük ham petrol arıtma tesislerinden biri ve Türkiye’nin ikinci petrokimya tesisi.

Rafinerinin kurulmasına 1965 senesinde karar verildi. 1969 senesinde SSCB’nin teknik ve mali işbirliğiyle yapımına başlandı. Bu işbirliği anlaşması çerçevesinde SSCB tesisin finansmanı için gerekli 24,5 milyon dolar krediden başka makina yağı tesisleri dışındaki bütün tesisler için gerekli mühendislik hizmetlerini ve makina donanımını sağladı.

Rafinerinin yakıt bölümü 1972 senesinde, makina yağı bölümü ise 1974 senesinde işletmeye açıldı. İlk açıldığında ham petrol işleme kapasitesi 3,5 milyon ton olan Aliağa Rafinerisinin kapasitesi 1981’de 4,5 milyon tona, 1983’te 6 milyon tona çıkarıldı.

Aliağa Petrokimya Kompleksinin hammaddesi olan naftayı sağlamak gayesiyle 1987’de işletmeye açılan yılda 5 milyon ton kapasiteli yeni ham petrol ünitesinden sonra rafinerinin kapasitesi yılda 10 milyon tona ulaştı. Ayrıca rafinerinin bünyesinde yılda 275 ton baz makina yağı üreten Türkiye’nin tek makina yağı kompleksi ile 2400 m3/gün F.F.C. (dönüşüm), 2400 m3/gün kapasiteli reformer (oktan yükseltici) 4350 m3/gün kapasiteli kükürt giderme üniteleri bulunmaktadır. Türkiye’de talep fazlası olan ve düşük fiyatla ihraç edilmek zorunda kalınan fueloili değerli beyaz ürünlere çevirecek olan Hidrokraking ve tamamlayıcı üniteleri projesinin 1993’te tamamlanması planlanmıştır.

İzmit Yarımca’da bulunan petrokimya tesislerinin talebi karşılayamaz hale gelmesi üzerine Aliağa Rafinerisinin yanında Türkiye’nin ikinci petrokimya kompleksinin yapımına 1974 senesinde başlandı. Kompleksin enerji tesisleri 1983-1984’te tamamlandı. 1985 senesinde başlayarak fabrikaların birer birer devreye girmesiyle üretime başladı. Gerçek kapasitesi 1.825.000 ton olan kompleks, 1987’de 701.828 ton, 1988’de 810.341 ton, 1989’da 840.326 ton petrol türevi üretti. ALPET Aliağa Petrokimya Sanayii ve Ticaret A.Ş. adıyla Petkim Holdinge bağlı bir ortaklık durumuna getirilen komplekste 5000 kişinin üzerinde, mühendis, memur ve işçi çalışmaktadır.

Aliağa Rafinerisinde, ulusal şebekeden bağımsız olarak elektrik üreten şebekeler de vardır. Rafineriye bağlı olan Aliağa Termik Santrali motorinle çalışmaktadır ve kurulu gücü 130 MW, yıllık üretimi ise 360 GW/saattir. Aliağa’da termik santraldan başka 60 MW kurulu gücü 180 MW/saat üretim kapasitesi olan bir çevrim santrali ile 140 MW kurulu gücü, 840 GW/saat üretim kapasitesi olan bir otoprodüktor santralı da yapılmaktadır.