Section One
PART FOUR

When I arrived in Basra, I settled in a mosque. The imâm of the mosque was a Sunnite person of Arabic origin named Shaikh ’Umar Tâî. When I met him I began to chat with him. Yet he suspected me at the very beginning and subjected me to a shower of questions. I managed to survive this dangerous chat as follows: “I am from Turkey’s Iðdýr region. I was a disciple of Ahmed Efendi of Istanbul. I worked for a carpenter named Khâlid (Hâlid).” I gave him some information about Turkey, which I had acquired during my stay there. Also, I said a few sentences in Turkish. The imâm made an eye signal to one of the people there and asked him if I spoke Turkish correctly. The answer was positive. Having convinced the imâm, I was very happy. Yet I was wrong. For a few days later, I saw to my disappointment that the imâm suspected that I was a Turkish spy. Afterwards, I found out that there was some disagreement and hostility between him and the governor appointed by the (Ottoman) Sultan.

Having been compelled to leave Shaikh ’Umar Efendi’s mosque, I rented a room in an inn for travellers and foreigners and moved there. The owner of the inn was an idiot named Murshid Efendi. Every morning he would disturb me by knocking hard at my door to wake me up as soon as the adhân for morning prayer was called. I had to obey him. So, I would get up and perform the morning prayer. Then he would say, “You shall read Qur’ân-al kerîm after morning prayer.” When I told him that it was not fard (an act commanded by Islam) to read Qur’ân al-kerîm and asked him why he should insist so much, he would answer, “Sleeping at this time of day will bring poverty and misfortune to the inn and the inmates.” I had to carry out this command of his. For he said otherwise he would send me out of the inn. Therefore, as soon as the adhân was called, I would perform morning prayer and then read Qur’ân al-kerîm for one hour.

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One day Murshid Efendi came to me and said, “Since you rented this room misfortunes have been befalling me. I put it down to your ominousness. For you are single. Being single (unmarried) portends ill omen. You shall either get married or leave the inn.” I told him I did not have property enough to get married. I could not tell him what I had told Ahmed Efendi. For Murshid Efendi was the kind of person who would undress me and examine my genitals to see whether I was telling the truth.

When I said so, Murshid Efendi reproved me, saying, “What a weak belief you have! Haven’t you read Allah’s âyat purporting, ‘If they are poor, Allâhu ta’âlâ will make them rich with His kindness’?[1] I was stupefied. At last I said, “All right, I shall get married. But are you ready to provide the necessary money? Or can you find a girl who will cost me little?”

After reflecting for a while, Murshid Efendi said, “I don’t care! Either get married by the beginning of Rajab month, or leave the inn.” There were only twenty-five days before the beginning of the month of Rajab.

Incidentally, let me mention the Arabic months: Muharram, Safar, Rabi’ul-awwal, Rabi’ul-âkhir, Jemâziy-ul-awwal, Jemâziy-ul-âkhir, Rajab, Sha’bân, Ramadân, Shawwâl, Zilqa’da, Zilhijja. Their months are neither more than thirty days, nor below twenty-nine. They are based on lunar calculations.

Taking a job as an assistant to a carpenter, I left Murshid Efendi’s inn. We made an agreement on a very low wage, but my lodging and food were to be at the employer’s expense. I moved my belongings to the carpenter’s shop well before the month of Rajab. The carpenter was a manly person. He treated me as if I were his son. He was a Shiite from Khorasan, Iran, and his name was Abd-ur-Ridâ. Taking the advantage of his company, I began to learn Persian. Every afternoon Iranian Shiites would meet at his place and talk on various subjects from politics to economy. More often than not, they would speak ill of their own government and also of the Khalîfa in Istanbul. Whenever a stranger came in they would change the subject and begin to talk on personal matters.

They trusted me very much. However, as I found out later on, they thought I was an Azerbaijani because I spoke Turkish.

From time to time a young man would call at our carpenter’s

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[1] Nûr sûra, âyat: 32

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shop. His attirement was that of a student doing scientific research, and he understood Arabic, Persian, and Turkish. His name was Muhammad bin Abd-ul-Wahhâb Najdî. This youngster was an extremely rude and very nervous person. While abusing the Ottoman government very much, he would never speak ill of the Iranian government. The common ground which made him and the shop-owner Abd-ur-Ridâ so friendly was that both were inimical towards the Khalîfa in Istanbul. But how was it possible that this young man, who was a Sunnî, understood Persian and was friends with Abd-ur-Ridâ, who was a Shi’î? In this city Sunnites pretended to be friendly and even brotherly with Shiites. Most of the city’s inhabitants understood both Arabic and Persian. And most people understood Turkish as well.

Muhammad of Najd was a Sunnî outwardly. Although most Sunnites censured Shiites, — in fact, they say that Shiites are disbelievers — this man never would revile Shiites. According to Muhammad of Najd, there was no reason for Sunnites to adapt themselves to one of the four madh-habs; he would say, “Allah’s Book does not contain any evidence pertaining to these madh-habs.” He purposefully ignored the âyet-i-kerîmas on this subject and slighted the hadîth-i-sherîfs.

Concerning the matter of four madh-habs: A century after the death of their Prophet Muhammad ‘alaihis-salâm’, four scholars came forward from among Sunnite Muslims: Abû Hanîfa, Ahmad bin Hanbal, Mâlik bin Anas, and Muhammad bin Idris Shâfi’î. Some Khalîfas forced the Sunnites to imitate one of these four scholars. They said no one except these four scholars could perform ijtihâd in Qur’ân al-kerîm or with the Sunna. This movement closed the gates of knowledge and understanding for Muslims. This prohibition of ijtihâd is considered to have been the reason for Islam’s standstill.

Shiites exploited these erroneous statements to promulgate their sect. The number of Shiites was smaller than one-tenth that of Sunnites. But now they have increased and become equal with Sunnites in number. This result is natural. For ijtihâd is like a weapon. It will improve Islam’s fiqh and renovate the understanding of Qur’ân al-kerîm and Sunna. The prohibition of ijtihâd, on the other hand, is like a rotten weapon. It will confine the madh-habs within a certain framework. And this, in its turn, means to close the gates of inference and to disregard the time’s requirements. If your weapon is rotten and your enemy is perfect, you are doomed to be beaten by your enemy sooner or later. I

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think, the clever ones of the Sunnites will reopen the gate of ijtihâd in the future. If they do not do this, they will become the minority, and the Shiites will receive a majority in a few centuries.

[However, the imâms (leaders) of the four madh-habs hold the same creed, the same belief. There is no difference among them. Their difference is only in worships. And this, in turn, is a facility for Muslims. The Shiites, on the other hand, parted into twelve sects, thus becoming a rotten weapon. There is detailed information in this respect in the book Milal wa Nihal.]

The arrogant youngster, Muhammad of Najd, would follow his nafs (his sensuous desires) in understanding the Qur’ân and the Sunna. He would completely ignore the views of scholars, not only those of the scholars of his time and the leaders of the four madh-habs, but also those of the notable Sahâbîs such as Abû Bakr and ’Umar. Whenever he came across a Koranic (Qur’ân) verse which he thought was contradictory with the views of those people, he would say, “The Prophet said: ‘I have left the Qur’ân  and the Sunna for you.’ He did not say, ‘I have left the Qur’ân, the Sunna, the Sahâba, and the imâms of madh-habs for you.’[1] Therefore, the thing which is fard is to follow the Qur’ân and the Sunna no matter how contrary they may seem to be to the views of the madh-habs or to the statements of the Sahâba and scholars.”[2]

During a dinner conversation at Abd-ur-Ridâ’s place, the

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[1] This statement of his denies the hadîth-i-sherîf which commands us to follow the Sahâba.

[2] Today in all the Islamic countries ignorant and traitorous people disguised as religious people have been attacking the scholars of Ahl as-sunna. They have been commending Wahhabiism in return for large sums of money they receive from Saudi Arabia. All of them use the abovementioned statements of Muhammad of Najd as a weapon on every occasion. The fact is that none of the statements made by the scholars of Ahl as-sunna or the four imâms is contrary to Qur’ân al-kerîm and hadîth-i-sherîfs. They did not make any additions to these sources, but they explained them. Wahhabis, like their British prototypes, are fabricating lies and misleading Muslims.

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following dispute took place between Muhammad of Najd and a guest from Kum, a Shiite scholar named Shaikh Jawad:

Shaikh Jawad – Since you accept that ’Alî was a mujtahid, why don’t you follow him like Shiites?

Muhammad of Najd – ’Alî is no different from ’Umar or other Sahâbîs. His statements cannot be of a documentary capacity. Only the Qur’ân and the Sunna are authentic documents. [The fact is that statements made by any of the As-hâb-i kirâm are of a documentary capacity. Our Prophet commanded us to follow any one of them.[1]]

Shaikh Jawâd – Since our Prophet said, “I am the city of knowledge, and Alî is its gate,” shouldn’t there be difference between ’Alî and the other Sahâba?

Muhammad of Najd — If ’Alî’s statements were of a documentary capacity, would not the Prophet have said, “I have left you the Qur’ân, the Sunna, and ’Alî”?

Shaikh Jawâd — Yes, we can assume that he (the Prophet) said so. For he stated in a hadîth-i-sherîf, “I leave (behind me) Allah’s Book and my Ahl-i-Bayt.” And ’Alî, in his turn, is the greatest member of the Ahl-i-Bayt.

Muhammad of Najd denied that the Prophet had said so.

Shaikh Jawâd confuted Muhammad of Najd with convincing proofs.

However, Muhammad of Najd objected to this and said, “You assert that the Prophet said, ‘I leave you Allah’s Book and my Ahl-i-Bayt.’ Then, what has become of the Prophet’s Sunna?”

Shaikh Jawâd — The Sunna of the Messenger of Allah is the explanation of the Qur’ân. The Messenger of Allah said, “I leave (you) Allah’s Book and my Ahl-i-Bayt.” The phrase ‘Allah’s Book’ includes the ‘Sunna’, which is an explanation of the former.

Muhammad of Najd — Inasmuch as the statements of the Ahl-i-Bayt are the explanations of the Qur’ân, why should it be necessary to explain it by hadîths?

Shaikh Jawâd — When hadrat Prophet passed away, his

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[1] A Muslim who has seen the beautiful, blessed face of Muhammad ‘alaihis-salâm’ is called Sahâbî. Plural for Sahâbî is Sahâba, or As-hâb.

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Ummat (Muslims) considered that there should be an explanation of the Qur’ân which would satisfy the time’s requirements. It was for this reason that hadrat Prophet commanded his Ummat to follow the Qur’ân, which is the original, and his Ahl-i-Bayt, who were to explain the Qur’ân in a manner to satisfy the time’s requirements.

I liked this dispute very much. Muhammad of Najd was motionless in front of Shaikh Jawâd, like a house-sparrow in the hands of a hunter.

Muhammad of Najd was the sort I had been looking for. For his scorn for the time’s scholars, his slighting even the (earliest) four Khalîfas, his having an independent view in understanding the Qur’ân and the Sunna were his most vulnerable points to hunt and obtain him. So different this conceited youngster was from that Ahmed Efendi who had taught me in Istanbul! That scholar, like his predecessors, was reminiscent of a mountain. No power would be able to move him. Whenever he mentioned the name of Abû Hanîfa, he would stand up, go and make an ablution. Whenever he meant to hold the book of Hadîth named Bukhârî, he would, again, make an ablution. The Sunnîs trust this book very much.

Muhammed of Najd, on the other hand, disdained Abû Hanîfa very much. He would say, “I know better than Abû Hanîfa did.[1]” In addition, according to him, half of the book of Bukhârî was wrong.[2]

[As I was translating these confessions of Hempher’s into Turkish,[3] I remembered the following event: I was a teacher in a high school. During a lesson one of my students asked, “Sir, if a Muslim is killed in a war, will he become a martyr?” “Yes, he will,” I said. “Did the Prophet say so?” “Yes, he did.” “Will he become a martyr if he is drowned in sea, too?” “Yes,” was my answer. “And in this case he will attain more thawâb.” Then he asked, “Will he become a martyr if he falls down from an aeroplane?” “Yes, he will,” I said. “Did our Prophet state these,

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[1] Some ignorant people without a certain madh-hab today, say so, too.

[2] This allegation of this person shows that he was quite unaware of the knowledge of Hadîth.

[3] Hempher’s confessions were translated into Turkish and, together with the author’s explanations, formed a book. This version is the Eglish translation of that Turkish book.

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too?” “Yes, he did.” Upon this, he smiled in a triumphant air and said, “Sir! Were there aeroplanes in those days?” My answer to him was as follows: “My son! Our Prophet has ninety-nine names. Each of his names stands for a beautiful attribute he was endowed with. One of his names is Jâmi’ul-kalim. He would state many facts in one word. For example, he said, ‘He who falls from a height will become a martyr.’ ” The child admitted this answer of mine with admiration and gratitude. By the same token, Qur’ân al-kerîm and hadîth-i-sherîfs contain many words, rules, commandments and prohibitions each of which denotes various other meanings. The scientific work carried on to explore these meanings and to apply the right ones to the right cases, is called Ijtihâd. Performing ijtihâd requires having profound knowledge. For this reason, the Sunnîs prohibited ignorant people from attempting ijtihâd. This does not mean to prohibit ijtihâd. After the fourth century of the Hegiral Era, no scholars were educated so highly as to reach the grade of an absolute mujtahid [scholar profoundly learned (enough to perform ijtihâd)]; therefore, no one performed ijtihad,  which in turn naturally meant the closure of the gates of ijtihâd. Towards the end of the world, Îsâ (Jesus) ‘alaihis-salâm’ shall descend from heaven and Mahdî (the expected Islamic hero) shall appear; these people shall perform ijtihâd.

Our Prophet ‘sall-Allâhu alaihi wa sallam’ stated, “After me Muslims shall part into seventy-three groups. Only one of these groups shall enter Paradise.” When he was asked who were to be in that group, he answered, “Those who adapt themselves to me and my As-hâb.” In another hadîth-i-sherîf he stated, “My Ashâb are like celestial stars. You will attain hidâyat if you follow any one of them!” In other words, he said, “You will attain the way leading to Paradise.” A Jew of Yemen, Abdullah bin Saba’ by name, instigated hostility against the As-hâb among Muslims. Those ignorant people who believed this Jew and bore enmity against the As-hâb were called Shi’î (Shiite). And people who obeyed the hadîth-sherîfs, loved and followed the As-hâb-i-kirâm were called Sunnî (Sunnite).]

I established a very intimate friendship with Muhammad bin Abd-ul-Wahhâb of Najd. I launched a campaign of praising him everywhere. One day I said to him: “You are greater than ’Umar and ’Alî. If the Prophet were alive now, he would appoint you as

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his Khalîfa instead of them. I expect that Islam will be renovated and improved in your hands. You are the only scholar who will spread Islam all over the world.”

Muhammad the son of Abd-ul-Wahhâb and I decided to make a new interpretation of the Qur’ân; this new interpretation was to reflect only our points of view and would be entirely contrary to those explanations made by the Sahâba, by the imâms of madh-habs and by the mufassirs (deeply learned scholars specialized in the explanation of the Qur’ân). We were reading the Qur’ân and talking on some of the âyats. My purpose in doing this was to mislead Muhammad. After all, he was trying to present himself as a revolutionist and would therefore accept my views and ideas with pleasure so that I should trust him all the more.

On one occasion I said to him, “Jihâd (fighting, struggling for Islam) is not fard.”

He protested, “Why shouldn’t it be despite Allah’s commandment, ‘Make war against unbelievers.’?”[1]

I said, “Then why didn’t the Prophet make war against the munâfiqs despite Allah’s commandment, ‘Make Jihâd against unbelievers and munâfiqs.’?”[2] [On the other hand, it is written in Mawâhibu ladunniyya that twenty-seven Jihâds were performed against unbelievers. Their swords are exhibited in Istanbul’s museums. Munâfiqs would pretend to be Muslims. They would perform namâz with the Messenger of Allah in the Masjîd-i-Nabawî during the days. Rasûlullah ‘sall-Allâhu alaihi wasallam’ knew them. Yet he did not say, “ You are a munâfiq,” to any of them. If he had made war against them and killed them, people would say, “Muhammad ‘alaihis-salâm’ killed people who believed in him.” Therefore he made verbal Jihâd against them. For Jihâd, which is fard, is performed with one’s body and/or with one’s property and/or with one’s speech. The âyat-i-kerîma quoted above commands to perform Jihâd against unbelievers. It does not define the type of the Jihâd to be performed. For Jihâd against unbelievers must be performed by fighting, and Jihâd against munâfiqs is to be performed by preaching and advice. This âyat-i-kerîma covers these types of Jihâd.]

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[1] Tawba sûra, âyat: 73

[2] Tawba sûra, âyat: 73

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He said, “The Prophet made Jihâd against them with his speech.”

I said, “Is the Jihâd which is fard (commanded), the one which is to be done with one’s speech?”

He said, “Rasûlullah made war against the unbelievers.”

I said, “The Prophet made war against the unbelievers in order to defend himself. For the unbelievers intended to kill him.”

He nodded.

At another time I said to him, “Mut’a nikâh[1] is permissible.”

He objected, “No, it is not.”

I said, “Allah declares, ‘In return for the use you make of them, give them the mehr you have decided upon’.[2]

He said, “’Umar prohibited two examples of mut’a practice existent in his time and said he would punish anyone who practiced it.”

I said, “You both say that you are superior to ’Umar and follow him. In addition, ’Umar said he prohibited it though he knew that the Prophet had permitted it.[3] Why do you leave aside the Prophet’s word and obey ’Umar’s word?”

He did not answer. I knew that he was convinced.

I sensed that Muhammad of Najd desired a woman at that moment; he was single. I said to him, “Come on, let us each get a woman by mut’a nikâh. We will have a good time with them. He accepted with a nod. This was a great opportunity for me, so I promised to find a woman for him to amuse himself. My aim

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[1] Nikâh means a marriage contract as prescribed by Islam. Mut’a nikâh means a contract made between a man and a woman to cohabit for a certain period of time. Islam prohibits this type of marriage.

[2] Nisâ sûra, âyat: 24

[3] Mut’a nikâh is similar to today’s practice of having a mistress. It is permissible according to the Shiites.

’Umar ‘radiy-Allâhu anh’ did not say so. Like all other Christians, the English spy bears hostility towards hadrat ’Umar and inveighs against him on this occasion, too. It is written in the book Hujaj-i-Qat’iyya: “’Umar ‘radiy-Allâhu anh’ said that Rasûlullah had forbidden mut’a nikâh and that he was not going to permit a practice forbidden by the Messenger of Allah. All the As-hâb-i-kirâm supported this statement of the Khalîfa’s. Among them was hadrat Alî, too.” (Please see the book Documents of the Right Word.)

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was to allay the timidity he had about people. But he stated it a condition that the matter be kept as a secret between us and that the woman not even be told what his name was. I hurriedly went to the Christian women who had been sent forth by the Ministry of the Commonwealth with the task of seducing the Muslim youth there. I explained the matter to one of them. She accepted to help, so I gave her the nickname Safîyya. I took Muhammad of Najd to her house. Safiyya was at home, alone. We made a one-week marriage contract for Muhammad of Najd, who gave the woman some gold in the name of Mehr. Thus we began to mislead Muhammad of Najd, Safiyya from within, and I from without.

Muhammad of Najd was thoroughly in Safiyya’s hands now. Besides, he had tasted the pleasure of disobeying the commandments of the Sharî’at under the pretext of freedom of ijtihâd and ideas.

The third day of the mut’a nikâh I had a long dispute with him over that hard drinks were not harâm (forbidden by Islam). Although he quoted many âyats and hadîths showing that it was harâm to have hard drinks, I cancelled all of them and finally said, “It is a fact that Yezîd and the Umayyad and Abbasid Khalîfas had hard drinks. Were they all miscreant people and you are the only adherent of the right way? They doubtless knew the Qur’ân and the Sunna better than you do. They inferred from the Qur’ân and the Sunna that the hard drink is makrûh, not harâm. Also, it is written in Jewish and Christian books that alcohol is mubâh (permitted). All religions are Allah’s commandments. In fact, according to a narrative, ’Umar had hard drinks until the revelation of the âyat, ‘You have all given it up, haven’t you?”[1] If it had been harâm, the Prophet would have chastised him. Since the Prophet did not punish him, hard drink is halâl.” [The fact is that ’Umar ‘radiy-Allâhu anh’ used to take hard drinks before they were made harâm. He never drank after the prohibition was declared. If some of the Umayyad and Abbasid Khalîfas took alcoholic drinks, this would not show that drinks with alcohol are makrûh. It would show that they were sinners, that they committed harâm. For the âyat-i-kerîma quoted by the spy, as well as other âyat-i-kerîmas and hadîth-i-sherîfs, shows that drinks with alcohol are harâm. It is stated in Riyâd-un-nâsihîn, “Formerly it was permissible to drink wine. Hadrat ’Umar, Sa’d ibni Waqqas,

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[1] Mâida sûra, âyat: 91

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and some other Sahâbîs used to drink wine. Later the two hundred and nineteenth âyat of Baqara sûra was revealed to declare that it was a grave sin. Sometime later the forty-second âyat of Nisâ sûra was revealed and it was declared, “Do not approach the namâz when you are drunk!” Eventually, the ninety-third âyat of Mâida sûra came and wine was made harâm. It was stated as follows in hadîth-i-sherîfs: “If something would intoxicate in case it were taken in a large amount, it is harâm to take it even in a small amount.” and “Wine is the gravest of sins.” and “Do not make friends with a person who drinks wine! Do not attend his funeral (when he dies)! Do not form a matrimonial relationship with him!” and “Drinking wine is like worshipping idols.” and “May Allâhu ta’âlâ curse him who drinks wine, sells it, makes it, or gives it.”]

Muhammad of Najd said, “According to some narratives, ’Umar drank alcoholic spirits after mixing it with water and said it was not harâm unless it had an intoxicating effect. ’Umar’s view is correct, for it is declared in the Qur’ân, ‘The devil wants to stir up enmity and grudge among you and to keep you from doing dhikr of Allah and from namâz by means of drinks and gambling. You will give these up now, won’t you?’[1] Alcoholic spirits will not cause the sins defined in the âyat when they do not intoxicate. Therefore, hard drinks are not harâm when they don’t have an intoxicating effect.”[2]

I told Safiyya about this dispute we had on drinks and instructed her to make him drink a very strong spirit. Afterwards, she said, “I did as you said and made him drink. He danced and united with me several times that night.” From then on Safiyya and I completely took control of Muhammad of Najd. In our farewell talk the Minister of the Commonwealth had said to me, “We captured Spain from the disbelievers [he means Muslims] by means of alcohol and fornication. Let us take all our lands back by using these two great forces again.” Now I know how true a statement it was.

One day I broached the topic of fasting to Muhammad of Najd: “It is stated in the Qur’ân, ‘Your fasting is more

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[1] Mâida sûra, âyat: 91

[2] However, our Prophet stated, “If something would intoxicate in case it were taken in a large amount, it is harâm to take even a small amount of it which would not intoxicate.”

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auspicious for you.’[1] It is not stated that fasting is fard (a plain commandment). Then, fasting is sunna, not fard, in the Islamic religion.” He protested and said, “Are you trying to lead me out of my faith?” I replied, “One’s faith consists of the purity of one’s heart, the salvation of one’s soul, and not committing a transgression against others’ rights. Did not the Prophet state, ‘Faith is love’? Did not Allah declare in Qur’ân al-kerîm, ‘Worship thine Rabb (Allah) until yaqîn[2] comes to thee’?[3] Then, when one has attained yaqîn pertaining to Allah and the Day of Judgement and beautified one’s heart and purified one’s deeds, one will become the most virtuous of mankind.” He shook his head in reply to these words of mine.

Once I said to him, “Namâz is not fard.” “How is it not fard?”

“Allah declares in the Qur’ân, ‘Perform namâz to remember Me.’[4] Then, the aim of namâz is to remember Allah. Therefore, you might as well remember Allah without performing namâz.”

He said, “Yes. I have heard that some people do dhikr of Allah instead of performing namâz.’[5] I was very much pleased with this statement of his. I tried hard to develop this notion and capture his heart. Then I noticed that he did not attach much importance to namâz and was performing it quite sporadically. He was very negligent especially with the morning prayer. For I would keep him from going to bed by talking with him until midnight. So he would be too exhausted to get up for morning prayer.

I began to pull down the shawl of belief slowly off the shoulders of Muhammad of Najd. One day I wanted to dispute with him about the Prophet, too. “From now on, if you talk with me on these topics, our relation will be spoilt and I shall put an end to my friendship with you.” Upon this I gave up speaking

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[1] Baqara sûra, âyat: 184

[2] All the Islamic books agree that (Yaqîn) in this context means (death). Hence this âyat-i-kerîma purports, “Worship till death.”

[3] Hijr Sûra, âyat: 99

[4] Tâhâ sûra, âyat: 14

[5] Our Prophet stated, “The namâz is Islam’s pillar. He who performs namâz has constructed his faith. He who does not (perform namâz) has ruined his faith;” and (in another hadîth), “Perform namâz as I do.” It is a grave sin not to perform namâz in this manner. What signifies the heart’s purity is to perform namâz correctly.

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about the Prophet for fear of ruining all my endeavours once and for all.

I advised him to pursue a course quite different from those of Sunnites and Shiites. He favoured this idea of mine. For he was a conceited person. Thanks to Safiyya, I put an halter on him.

On one occasion I said, “I have heard that the Prophet made his As-hâb brothers to one another. Is it true?” Upon his positive reply, I wanted to know if this Islamic rule was temporary or permanent. He explained, “It is permanent. For the Prophet Muhammad’s halâl is halâl till the end of the world, and his harâm is harâm till the end of the world.” Then I offered him to be my brother. So we were brothers.

From that day on I never left him alone. We were together even in his travels. He was very important for me. For the tree that I had planted and grown, spending the most valuable days of my youth, was now beginning to yield its fruit.

I was sending monthly reports to the Ministry of the Commonwealth in London. The answers I received were very

encouraging and reassuring. Muhammad of Najd was following the path I had drawn for him.

My duty was to imbue him with feelings of independence, freedom and scepticism. I always praised him, saying that a brilliant future was awaiting him.

One day I fabricated the following dream: “Last night I dreamed of our Prophet. I addressed him with the attributes I had learnt from hodjas. He was seated on a dais. Around him were scholars that I did not know. You entered. Your face was as bright as haloes. You walked towards the Prophet, and when you were close enough the Prophet stood up and kissed between your both eyes. He said, ‘You are my namesake, the heir to my knowledge, my deputy in worldly and religious matters.’ You said, ‘O Messenger of Allah! I am afraid to explain my knowledge to people.’ ‘You are the greatest. Don’t be afraid,’ replied the Prophet.”

Muhammad bin Abd-ul-Wahhâb was wild with joy when he heard the dream. He asked several times if what I had told him was true, and received a positive answer each time he asked. Finally he was sure I had told him the truth. I think, from then on, he was resolved to publicise the ideas I had imbued him

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with and to establish a new sect.[1]

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[1] The book Al-fajr-us-sâdiq, written by Jamil Sidqi Zahâwî Efendi of Baghdâd, who was a muderris (professor) of Aqâid-i-Islâmiyya (Islamic creed) in the Dâr-ul-funûn (university) of Istanbul and passed away in 1354 [C.E. 1936], was printed in Egypt in 1323 [C.E. 1905] and reproduced by offset process by Hakîkat Kitâbevi in Istanbul. It is stated in the book, “The heretical ideas of the Wahhabi sect were produced by Muhammad bin Abd-ul-Wahhâb in Najd in 1143 [C.E. 1730]. He was born in 1111 [C.E. 1699], and died in 1207 [C.E. 1792]. The sect was spread at the cost of a considerable amount of Muslim blood by Muhammad bin Su’ûd, the Emîr of Der’iyya. Wahhabis called Muslims who would not agree with them polytheists. They said that all of them (non-Wahhabis) must perform the hajj anew (even if they had performed it), and asserted that all their ancestors as well had been disbelievers for six hundred years. They killed anyone who would not accept the Wahhabi sect, and carried off their possessions as booties. They imputed ugly motives to Muhammad ‘alaihis-salâm’. They burned books of Fiqh, Tafsîr, and Hadîth. They misinterpreted Qur’ân al-kerîm in accordance with their own ideas. In order to deceive Muslims, they said they were in the Hanbalî madh-hab. However, most Hanbalî scholars wrote books refuting them and explaining that they were heretics. They are disbelievers because they call harâms ‘halâl’ and because they belittle Prophets and the Awliyâ. The Wahhabi religion is based on ten essentials: Allah is a material being. He has hands, a face, and directions. [This belief of theirs is similar to the Christian creed (Father, Son, and Holy Ghots)]; 2- They interpret Qur’ân al-kerîm according to their own understanding; 3- They reject the facts reported by the As-hâb-i-kirâm; 4- They reject the facts reported by scholars; 5- They say a person who imitates one of the four madh-habs is a disbeliever; 6- They say non-Wahhabis are disbelievers; 7- They say a person who prays by making the Prophet and the Awliyâ intermediaries (between himself and Allâhu ta’âlâ), will become a disbeliever; 8- They say it is harâm to visit the Prophet’s grave or those of the Awliyâ; 9- He who swears on any being other than Allah will become a polytheist, they say; 10- A person who makes a solemn pledge to anyone except Allah or who kills an animal (as a sacrifice) by the graves of Awliyâ, will become a polytheist, they say. In this book of mine it will be proved by documentary evidences that all these ten credal tenets are wrong.” These ten fundamentals of the Wahhabi religion are noticeably identical with the religious principles Hempher prompted to Muhammad of Najd.

The British published Hempher’s confessions as a means for Christian propaganda. In order to mislead Muslims’ children they wrote lies and fabrications in the name of Islamic teachings. Therefore, with a view to protecting our youth from this British trap, we publish this book, which is a correction of their lies and slanders.

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